“Red-brown synthesis; illiberal statism.”
National Bolshevism fuses elements of Bolshevism with hardline nationalism, often adopting a strong state, one-party rule, and a cult of personality around a nationalist leader.
Figures like Eduard Limonov and Alexander Dugin resurrected National Bolshevism in the 1990s, blending Soviet nostalgia with Russian ultranationalism. National Bolsheviks advocate state control of key industries and a strong central authority while rejecting liberal-democratic institutions such as free elections and an independent press.